Appendix K – Formation Constants for Complex Ions

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Equilibrium

Kf

Al3+ + 6F− ⇌ [AlF6]3−

7 × 1019

Cd2+ + 4NH3 ⇌[Cd(NH3)4]2+

1.3 × 107

Cd2+ + 4CN− ⇌ [Cd(CN)4]2-

3 × 1018

Co2+ + 6NH3 ⇌ [Co(NH3)6]2+

1.3 × 105

Co3+ + 6NH3 ⇌ [Co(NH3)6]3+

2.3 × 1033

Cu+ + 2CN ⇌ [Cu(CN)2]–

1.0 × 1016

Cu2+ + 4NH3 ⇌ [Cu(NH3)4]2+

1.7 × 1013

Fe2+ + 6CN− ⇌ [Fe(CN)6]4-

1.5 × 1035

Fe3+ + 6CN− ⇌ [Fe(CN)6]3-

2 × 1043

Fe3+ + 6SCN− ⇌ [Fe(SCN)6]3-

3.2 × 103

Hg2+ + 4Cl− ⇌ [HgCl4]2-

1.1 × 1016

Ni2+ + 6NH3 ⇌ [Ni(NH3)6]2+

2.0 × 108

Ag+ + 2Cl− ⇌ [AgCl2]–

1.8 × 105

Ag+ + 2CN− ⇌ [Ag(CN)2]–

1 × 1021

Ag+ + 2NH3 ⇌ [Ag(NH3)2]+

1.7 × 107

Zn2+ + 4CN− ⇌ [Zn(CN)4]2-

2.1 × 1019

Zn2+ + 4OH− ⇌ [Zn(OH)4]2-

2 × 1015

Fe3+ + SCN− ⇌ [Fe (SCN)]2+

8.9 × 102

Ag+ + 4SCN− ⇌ [Ag(SCN)4]3-

1.2 × 1010

Pb2+ + 4I− ⇌ [PbI4]2-

3.0 × 104

Pt2+ + 4Cl− ⇌ [PtCl4]2-

1 × 1016
Cu2+ + 4CN ⇌ [Cu(CN)4]2- 1.0 x 1025
Co2+ + 4SCN– ⇌ [Co(SCN)4]2- 1 x 103

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