Contents

1. Preface

2. Chapter 1: Essential Ideas

   1. Key Terms, Key Equations, Summaries, and Exercises (Chapter 1)

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   2. Chemistry in Context (1.1)

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   3. Phases and Classification of Matter (1.2)

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   4. Physical and Chemical Properties (1.3)

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   5. Measurements (1.4)

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   6. Measurement Uncertainty, Accuracy, and Precision (1.5)

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   7. Mathematical Treatment of Measurement Results (1.6)

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3. Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

   1. Key Terms, Key Equations, Summaries, and Exercises (Chapter 2)

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   2. Early Ideas in Atomic Theory (2.1)

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   3. Evolution of Atomic Theory (2.2)

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   4. Atomic Structure and Symbolism (2.3)

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   5. Chemical Formulas (2.4)

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4. Chapter 3: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements

   1. Electromagnetic Energy (3.1)

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   2. The Bohr Model (3.2)

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   3. Development of Quantum Theory (3.3)

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   4. Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations) (3.4)

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   5. Periodic Variations in Element Properties (3.5)

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   6. The Periodic Table (3.6)

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   7. Molecular and Ionic Compounds (3.7)

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5. Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry

   1. Ionic Bonding (4.1)

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   2. Covalent Bonding (4.2)

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   3. Chemical Nomenclature (4.3)

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   4. Lewis Symbols and Structures (4.4)

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   5. Formal Charges and Resonance (4.5)

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   6. Molecular Structure and Polarity (4.6)

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6. Chapter 5: Advanced Theories of Bonding

   1. Valence Bond Theory (5.1)

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   2. Hybrid Atomic Orbitals (5.2)

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   3. Multiple Bonds (5.3)

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   4. Molecular Orbital Theory (5.4)

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7. Chapter 6: Composition of Substances and Solutions

   1. Formula Mass (6.1)

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   2. Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas (6.2)

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   3. Molarity (6.3)

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   4. Other Units for Solution Concentrations (6.4)

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8. Chapter 7: Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions

   1. Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations (7.1)

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   2. Classifying Chemical Reactions (7.2)

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   3. Reaction Stoichiometry (7.3)

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   4. Reaction Yields (7.4)

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   5. Quantitative Chemical Analysis (7.5)

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9. Chapter 8: Gases

   1. Gas Pressure (8.1)

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   2. Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law (8.2)

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   3. Stoichiometry of Gaseous Substances, Mixtures, and Reactions (8.3)

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   4. Effusion and Diffusion of Gases (8.4)

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   5. The Kinetic-Molecular Theory (8.5)

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   6. Non-Ideal Gas Behavior (8.6)

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10. Chapter 9: Thermochemistry

    1. Energy Basics (9.1)

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    2. Calorimetry (9.2)

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    3. Enthalpy (9.3)

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    4. Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds (9.4)

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11. Appendix A – The Periodic Table

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12. Appendix B – Essential Mathematics

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13. Appendix C – Units And Conversion Factors

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14. Appendix D – Fundamental Physical Constants

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15. Appendix E – Water Properties

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16. Appendix F – Composition of Commercial Acids and Bases

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17. Appendix G – Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

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18. Appendix H – Ionization Constants of Weak Acids

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19. Appendix I – Ionization Constants of Weak Bases

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20. Appendix J – Solubility Products

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21. Appendix K – Formation Constants for Complex Ions

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22. Appendix L – Standard Electrode (Half-Cell) Potentials

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23. Appendix M – Half-Lives for Several Radioactive Isotopes

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24. Appendix N: Checklist for Accessibility

25. Acknowledgments

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