74 11.7: Exterior, Waste and Pest Control

Exterior 

The exterior of the building should be sealed and free of any cracks, holes, or openings that allow rodents and insects to enter.  A visual inspection should be performed regularly to ensure the building is sealed.  Exterior doors should be kept closed when not used, screens or an air curtain are great options as pests can enter through open doors.  An air curtain, located above the door frame, is a device that blows a strong current of air across the doorway. The air current is so strong that pests are not able to fly through.

Waste

There are three main types of waste: solid, liquid and hazardous.  Care must be taken when dealing with each type of waste in order to protect the environment, be cost effective and prevent infestation of rodents and insects.

Solid waste, or refuse, can cost the business money, therefore reduce, reuse, recycle should be a core practice.  Solid waste in a dumpster is typically removed by a waste management company and charges by trip, dumpster tip, weight or volume  of the waste, depending on the contract. Reduce the amount of waste that goes in the dumpster by putting liquid waste in the drains, purchasing items with less packaging and minimize the use of disposable items.  Some jurisdictions allow for recycling which can also reduce the amount of waste that enters the solid waste dumpster.

Trash cans inside the facility should be durable, non absorbent and have a lid on when not being used.  Trash cans should be taken outside to be cleaned.  A trash can does not need to be sanitized.  Dumpsters should have a tight fitting lid that is secure when not being used.  The lid will prevent unwanted rodents and insects from accessing the dumpster.  A drain plug is also required to allow for rainwater and any other undesirable liquid to be removed.  Other requirements may include a cement slab and water hose to rinse out the dumpster.  The PIC should check with the local health department as well as the waste management company for requirements as they vary from jurisdiction.

Waste that enters the drain is considered liquid waste, or sewage.  Only approved chemicals should enter the drainage system.  Garbage disposers installed under sinks are designed to grind up food waste so it can safely enter the drainage system.  Some jurisdictions may not allow garbage disposals, therefore check with the health department for guidance.

Composting

Composting organic food waste from kitchens offers multiple benefits. By diverting food waste from landfills, businesses can:

• Reduce their carbon footprint: Food waste is a significant contributor to methane emissions in landfills, composting minimizes greenhouse gas emissions.
• Lower waste disposal costs: Reducing the amount of waste sent to landfills can lower waste disposal costs for businesses.
• Create nutrient-rich compost: Compost is a valuable soil amendment, improving soil structure, water retention, and nutrient content.
• Commitment to Sustainability: Composting demonstrates a commitment to sustainability and can enhance a business’s image.

This process involves collecting, preparing, and composting organic food waste using methods like aerated static piles or in-vessel systems.   Check local regulations and guidelines regarding composting.

Pest Control

It should be the goal of every facility to be pest free.  Pest can carry diseases and contaminate food and cause illness in humans.  The goal of pest management is to deny pests access, food, shelter and water and work with a licensed pest control contractor.

Cracks, holes and gaps in the building’s exterior should be sealed to prevent pests from entering the building.  Doors and windows should be kept closed, screened or an air curtain installed.

Trash should be removed from the facility regularly but at minimum daily.  Floors should be swept and mopped, at minimum, daily.  All food should be stored properly to discourage rodents from building a home in the facility.  Rotating inventory and discarding cardboard boxes can help to deter pests as well.  Only licensed pest control contractors should apply pesticides.  If pesticides are kept onsite, they should be locked away, separate from other cleaning supplies.