1.16 Adaptation Statement

This book is an adaptation of the Open Stax textbook “Anatomy and Physiology 2nd” (which can be found at https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e) and was authored in 2022 by:

Gordon Betts, Tyler Junior College

Kelly A. Young, California State University, Long Beach

James A. Wise, Hampton University

Eddie Johnson, Central Oregon Community College

Brandon Poe, Springfield Technical Community College

Dean H. Kruse, Portland Community College

Oksana Korol, Aims Community College

Jody E. Johnson, Arapahoe Community College

Mark Womble, Youngstown State University

Peter DeSaix, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Anatomy and Physiology 2nd  is licensed as CC BY 4.0.

The following changes were made to this chapter:

Revised the introductory paragraph and introduced a ‘Louisiana Lagniappe’ opening section. Standardized formatting for all headings and subheadings, incorporated alt text for figures, and updated hyperlinks by replacing ‘click here’ or ‘read more’ with meaningful text or full URLs. Added Figure 1.19, renumbered sections, figures, and tables from Chapter 17 to Chapter 1, and emphasized all keywords in bold.

Figure 1.19 CC-0