7 Review Questions

4 .  The first forms of life on Earth were ________.

1. 1. plants
   2. microorganisms
   3. birds
   4. dinosaurs

5 .  A suggested and testable explanation for an event is called a ________.

• 1. hypothesis
  2. variable
  3. theory
  4. control

6 .  Which of the following sciences is not considered a natural science?

• 1. biology
  2. astronomy
  3. physics
  4. computer science

7 .  The type of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion is called ________.

• 1. deductive reasoning
  2. the scientific method
  3. hypothesis-based science
  4. inductive reasoning

8 .  The process of ________ helps to ensure that a scientist’s research is original, significant, logical, and thorough.

• 1. publication
  2. public speaking
  3. peer review
  4. the scientific method

9 .  A person notices that her houseplants that are regularly exposed to music seem to grow more quickly than those in rooms with no music. As a result, she determines that plants grow better when exposed to music. This example most closely resembles which type of reasoning?

• 1. inductive reasoning
  2. deductive reasoning
  3. neither, because no hypothesis was made
  4. both inductive and deductive reasoning

10 .  The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of “living” is the ________.

• 1. organ
  2. organelle
  3. cell
  4. macromolecule

11 .  Viruses are not considered living because they ________.

• 1. are not made of cells
  2. lack cell nuclei
  3. do not contain DNA or RNA
  4. cannot reproduce

12 .  The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a characteristic of ________.

• 1. prokaryotic cells
  2. eukaryotic cells
  3. living organisms
  4. bacteria

13 .  A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area is called a(n) ________.

• 1. family
  2. community
  3. population
  4. ecosystem

14 .  Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the most inclusive to the least complex level?

• 1. organelle, tissue, biosphere, ecosystem, population
  2. organ, organism, tissue, organelle, molecule
  3. organism, community, biosphere, molecule, tissue, organ
  4. biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism

15 .  Where in a phylogenetic tree would you expect to find the organism that had evolved most recently?

• 1. at the base
  2. within the branches
  3. at the nodes
  4. at the branch tips