16 Review Questions
4. If xenon has an atomic number of 54 and a mass number of 108, how many neutrons does it have?
- 54
- 27
- 100
- 108
5. Atoms that vary in the number of neutrons found in their nuclei are called ________.
- ions
- neutrons
- neutral atoms
- isotopes
6. Potassium has an atomic number of 19. What is its electron configuration?
- shells 1 and 2 are full, and shell 3 has nine electrons
- shells 1, 2, and 3 are full and shell 4 has three electrons
- shells 1, 2, and 3 are full and shell 4 has one electron
- shells 1, 2, and 3 are full and no other electrons are present
7. Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond?
- hydrogen bond
- atomic bond
- covalent bond
- nonpolar covalent bond
8. Which of the following statements is not true?
- Water is polar.
- Water stabilizes temperature.
- Water is essential for life.
- Water is the most abundant molecule in the Earth’s atmosphere.
9. When acids are added to a solution, the pH should ________.
- decrease
- increase
- stay the same
- cannot tell without testing
10. We call a molecule that binds up excess hydrogen ions in a solution a(n) ________.
- acid
- isotope
- base
- donator
11. Which of the following statements is true?
- Acids and bases cannot mix together.
- Acids and bases will neutralize each other.
- Acids, but not bases, can change the pH of a solution.
- Acids donate hydroxide ions (OH–); bases donate hydrogen ions (H+).
12. Each carbon molecule can bond with as many as________ other atom(s) or molecule(s).
- one
- two
- six
- four
13. Which of the following is not a functional group that can bond with carbon?
- sodium
- hydroxyl
- phosphate
- carbonyl