Diseases and Disorders
Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
anemia: when the number of RBCs or hemoglobin is deficient
angioma: tumor composed of blood vessels
angiostenosis: abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel
aortic stenosis: abnormal narrowing of the aorta
arteriosclerosis: hardening of the arteries
atherosclerosis: hardening of the arteries that involves the accumulation of plaque
cyanosis: abnormal condition of blue (bluish-color lips and nail beds), typically caused by low oxygenation
hematoma: a collection of blood outside of blood vessels, usually due to trauma, disease, or surgery
hypercholesterolemia: higher than normal levels of cholesterol in the blood
hyperlipidemia: excessive fat in the blood
hypertension: chronic and persistent blood pressure measurements of 140/90 mm Hg or above
hypertriglyceridemia: excessive triglycerides in the blood
hypotension: low blood pressure
hypothermia: low body temperature
hypoxemia: low blood oxygen levels
hypoxia: lower-than-normal amount of oxygen to tissues
ischemia: a condition in which cells receive insufficient amounts of blood and oxygen
leukemia: a cancer involving an abundance of leukocytes
leukocytopenia: lower-than-normal amounts of one or more types of white blood cells
leukocytosis: excessive leukocyte proliferation
myeloma: a tumor of the bone marrow affecting plasma cells (specialized B cells that produce antibodies)
myocarditis: inflammation of the myocardium
pancytopenia: lower-than-normal amounts of all blood cells
pericarditis: inflammation of the pericardium
phlebitis: inflammation of one or more veins
polyarteritis: inflammation of many arteries
polycythemia: an elevated RBC count
thrombocytopenia: lower-than-normal platelet count
thrombophlebitis: inflammation of a vein caused by a blood clot
thrombosis: formation of unwanted blood clots
thrombus: a blood clot; an aggregation of platelets, erythrocytes, and even WBCs typically trapped within a mass of fibrin strands
valvulitis: inflammation of a valve
Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts
aneurysm: weakening of the wall of a blood vessel, causing it to thin and balloon out and possibly eventually burst, resulting in internal bleeding
blood dyscrasia: a pathologic condition of the blood, usually referring to a disorder of the cellular elements of the blood
circulatory shock: a life-threatening condition in which the circulatory system is unable to maintain blood flow to adequately supply sufficient oxygen and other nutrients to the tissues to maintain cellular metabolism
coarctation of the aorta: a congenital condition in which a part of the aorta is narrower than usual
coronary artery disease: the blood vessels that supply blood to the myocardium become hardened and narrowed, impairing the delivery of oxygen to the heart muscle
deep vein thrombosis: a type of venous thrombosis involving the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs
edema: swelling of tissues due to excess interstitial fluid
embolus: a freely moving piece of a substance (plaque or blood clot) that travels through the circulation until it blocks a smaller blood vessel, cutting off the supply of oxygen to the tissue
embolism: when an embolus becomes trapped
extravasation: leakage of blood into surrounding tissues
hemophilia: a group of related genetic disorders in which certain plasma clotting factors are lacking, inadequate, or nonfunctional
hemorrhage: excessive or uncontrolled bleeding from the blood vessels
intermittent claudication: pain in the legs caused by insufficient oxygen delivery in muscle tissue while exercising
peripheral artery disease: when atherosclerosis affects arteries in the legs
sepsis: a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body’s response to an infection damages its own tissues; may lead to septic shock
varicose veins: when defective valves allow blood to accumulate within the veins, causing them to distend, twist, and become visible on the surface of the skin