Diseases and Disorders
Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
acapnia: lack of carbon dioxide
adenoiditis: inflammation of the adenoid/pharyngeal tonsil
anoxia: lack of oxygen
aphonia: lack of voice
apnea: lack of breathing
atelectasis: incomplete expansion (for example, of an airway)
bronchiectasis: dilation of bronchi
bronchitis: inflammation of bronchi
bronchiolitis: inflammation of bronchioles
bronchogenic carcinoma: cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus (lung cancer)
bronchopneumonia: disease of bronchi and lungs
bronchospasm: spasmodic contraction of the bronchi
diaphragmatocele: herniation of diaphragm
dysphonia: condition of difficult speaking
dyspnea: painful or labored breathing
epiglottitis: inflammation of epiglottis
eupnea: normal breathing
hemothorax: blood in the pleural space / thoracic cavity
hypercapnia: excessive carbon dioxide in the body
hyperpnea: forced breathing or breathing that is excessive
hypopnea: deficient breathing
hypoxemia: deficient oxygen in the blood
hypoxia: condition of deficient oxygen in the tissues
laryngitis: inflammation of the larynx
laryngospasm: spasmodic contraction of the larynx
lobar pneumonia: disease of one lobe of a lung
nasopharyngitis: inflammation of the nose and pharynx
orthopnea: being able to breathe more easily while sitting up straight
pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx
phrenalgia: pain in the diaphragm
phrenospasm: spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm
pleuritis: inflammation of pleura (formerly known as pleurisy)
pneumoconiosis: abnormal condition of dust in the lungs
pneumonia: disease involving the lung (typically used to indicate a lower respiratory tract infection)
pneumonitis: inflammation of the lung
pneumothorax: air in the thoracic cavity; can lead to lung collapse
pyothorax: pus in the thoracic cavity
rhinitis: inflammation of the nose
rhinomycosis: abnormal condition of fungus in the nose
rhinorrhagia: rapid flow of blood from the nose
rhinorrhea: discharge from the nose
sinusitis: inflammation of one or more sinuses
tachypnea: rapid breathing
thoracalgia: pain in the thoracic cavity
tonsillitis: inflammation of one or more tonsils
tracheitis: inflammation of the trachea
tracheostenosis: narrowing of the trachea
Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts
acute respiratory distress syndrome: a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs; symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and cyanosis
asphyxia: inability to breathe
asthma: a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs characterized by reversible airflow obstruction and easily triggered bronchospasms
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a chronic lung condition, a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis
coccidioidomycosis: an infection caused by Coccidioides fungus, which lives in the soil of dry, low-rainfall areas
crackles: clicking, rattling, or crackling noises that may be made by lungs of a human with a respiratory disease during inhalation
croup: an infection of the upper airway that obstructs breathing and causes a characteristic barking cough
cystic fibrosis: genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine; can lead to difficulty breathing and coughing up mucus as a result of frequent lung infections
deviated septum: a displacement of the nasal septum
emphysema: a lung condition that causes shortness of breath due to damaged alveoli
epistaxis: nosebleed
hyperventilation: breathing too quickly or too much
hypoventilation: breathing too slowly or not enough
influenza: an upper respiratory tract infection with influenza virus
lower respiratory infection: an infection of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and/or alveoli
lung cancer: malignant cancer originating within lung tissue
obstructive sleep apnea: a sleep disorder in which pauses in breathing or periods of shallow breathing during sleep occur more often than normal
pertussis: an upper respiratory tract infection with Bordetella pertussis bacteria
pleural effusion: accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space
pulmonary embolism: an embolism (a free-moving blood clot, air bubble, atherosclerotic plaque, etc.) within a blood vessel of a lung
pulmonary edema: edema (fluid accumulation) within one or both lungs
sputum: mucus originating in the lower respiratory tract
tuberculosis: a lower respiratory tract infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria
upper respiratory infection: an infection of the nose, pharynx, and/or larynx